* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
    font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
    overflow-x: hidden;
}

.navbar {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    padding: 10px 5%;
    background-color: #f8f9fa;
    position: relative;
}

.college_logo img {
    width: 120px;
    height: auto;
}

.nav_elements {
    display: flex;
    gap: 20px;
}

.nav_elements a {
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 16px;
    color: #333;
    font-weight: bold;
    padding: 10px 15px;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
    position: relative;
}

/* Underline animation */
.nav_elements a::before {
    content: "";
    display: block;
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 3px;
    left: 0;
    height: 3px;
    width: 100%;
    background-color: #007bff;
    transform-origin: right top;
    transform: scale(0, 1);
    transition: color 0.1s, transform 0.2s ease-out;
}

.nav_elements a:active::before {
    background-color: #007bff;
}

.nav_elements a:hover::before,
.nav_elements a:focus::before {
    transform-origin: left top;
    transform: scale(1, 1);
}

.nav-toggle {
    display: none;
}

#heading1 {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    font-family: 'Tiro Devanagari Sanskrit', serif;
    font-style: normal;
    font-weight: 400;
    font-size: 35px;
    line-height: 115px;
    color: #000000;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.content1 {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 0 5%;
    margin-bottom: 50px;
}

.row-container {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: row;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 30px;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.historic1 {
    flex: 1;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    min-width: 300px;
}

.historic1 img {
    max-width: 55%;
    height: auto;
    box-shadow: none;
    border: none;
}

.sanskrit_text {
    flex: 1;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 20px;
    min-width: 300px;
}

.sanskrit-item {
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 565px;
}

.shift-right {
    margin-left: 15%;
}

.sanskrit_text img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    opacity: 0.8;
}

.overlay-text {
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
    color: #000;
    font-weight: bold;
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
    padding: 5px 10px;
    border-radius: 5px;
}

/* Image Gallery Section */
.image_gallery {
    padding: 50px 5%;
    background-color: #f7f9fc;
}

.gallery_heading {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
    font-family: 'Tiro Devanagari Sanskrit', serif;
    color: #333;
}

.swiper {
    width: 100%;
    height: 400px;
    padding: 50px 0;
}

.swiper-slide {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.slide-card {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg,
            rgba(157, 168, 238, 0.5) 0%,
            rgba(205, 227, 241, 0.5) 39%,
            rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5) 99%);
    box-shadow: 0 7px 20px rgba(138, 147, 251, 0.5);
    border-radius: 20px;
    overflow: hidden;
    cursor: grab;
}

.gallery-img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 20px;
}

/* Transform active card */
.swiper-slide.swiper-slide-active {
    transform: scale(1.2);
    z-index: 2;
}

.swiper-button-next,
.swiper-button-prev {
    color: #3345c6;
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
}

.swiper-button-next:after,
.swiper-button-prev:after {
    font-size: 20px;
    font-weight: bold;
}

/* Mobile menu styles */
.hamburger {
    display: block;
    position: relative;
}

.hamburger,
.hamburger::before,
.hamburger::after {
    background-color: #333;
    width: 2em;
    height: 3px;
    border-radius: 1em;
    transition: transform 250ms ease-in-out;
}

.hamburger::before,
.hamburger::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
}

.hamburger::before {
    top: 6px;
}

.hamburger::after {
    bottom: 6px;
}

.yt_reviews {
    padding: 60px 5%;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.yt_bg_image {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    opacity: 0.5;
    z-index: -1;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.yt_container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 40px;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.yt_text {
    flex: 1;
    padding: 20px;
}

.yt_text h3 {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    font-size: 28px;
    color: #333;
}

.yt_text p {
    font-size: 16px;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.yt_embedded_video {
    flex: 1;
    min-height: 315px;
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    overflow: hidden;
}

.yt_embedded_video iframe {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    min-height: 315px;
}

/* IKS Topics Section */
/* IKS Topics Section */
.iks_topics {
    padding: 70px 5%;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    margin-bottom: 50px;
}

.topics_heading {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 50px;
    font-family: 'Tiro Devanagari Sanskrit', serif;
    color: #333;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    font-size: 35px;
}

.topic_bg_image {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    opacity: 0.8;
    z-index: 1;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.topic_container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 30px;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.topic_card {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 280px;
    max-width: 350px;
    border-radius: 15px;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    padding: 25px;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    color: white;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.topic_card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-10px);
    box-shadow: 0 15px 35px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
}

/* Gradient color variations */
.gradient1 {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #642B73, #C6426E);
}

.gradient2 {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #34e89e, #0f3443);
}

.gradient3 {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #3a1c71, #d76d77, #ffaf7b);
}

.gradient4 {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #4568DC, #B06AB3);
}

.gradient5 {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1e3c72, #2a5298);
}

.gradient6 {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #6a3093, #a044ff);
}

.gradient7 {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ff4b1f, #ff9068);
}

.topic_title {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    text-align: center;
    font-family: 'Tiro Devanagari Sanskrit', serif;
    font-size: 18px;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.topic_image_container {
    width: 85%;
    height: 180px;
    margin: 0 auto 20px;
    border-radius: 10px;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
}

.topic_image {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: transform 0.4s ease;
}

.topic_image:hover {
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

.topic_description {
    text-align: center;
    line-height: 1.5;
    font-size: 15px;
    opacity: 0.9;
}

/* Events Gallery Section */
.events_gallery {
    padding: 70px 5%;
    background-color: #f8f9fa;
    position: relative;
    margin-bottom: 50px;
}

.events_heading {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 50px;
    font-family: 'Tiro Devanagari Sanskrit', serif;
    color: #333;
    font-size: 35px;
}

.events_grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    grid-auto-rows: 200px;
    gap: 20px;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.event_item {
    position: relative;
    border-radius: 20px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.event_item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-10px) scale(1.05);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    z-index: 10;
}

.event_img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: transform 0.5s ease;
}

.event_img:hover {
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

/* Special grid items */
.item-large {
    grid-column: span 2;
    grid-row: span 2;
}

.item-wide {
    grid-column: span 2;
}

.item-tall {
    grid-row: span 2;
}

/* Overlap effect for specific items */
.event_item:nth-child(3) {
    margin-top: -30px;
    margin-left: -20px;
    z-index: 2;
}

.event_item:nth-child(7) {
    margin-top: -20px;
    z-index: 2;
}

#text_event {
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: 10%;
    background: linear-gradient(to right, #f32170, #ff6b08, #cf23cf, #eedd44);
    -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
    -webkit-background-clip: text;
}

.text_main {
    text-align: center;
    /* Center everything */
    margin-top: 10%;
}

#text_event {
    background: linear-gradient(to right, #f32170, #ff6b08, #cf23cf, #eedd44);
    -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
    -webkit-background-clip: text;
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

#media_text {
    padding: 12px 24px;
    font-size: 16px;
    font-weight: bold;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 5px;
    cursor: pointer;
    background: linear-gradient(to top, #f32170, #ff6b08);
    color: white;
    transition: 0.3s ease-in-out;
    display: inline-block;
}

#media_text:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #ff6b08, #f32170);
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

#media_text {
    padding: 10px 20px;
    font-size: 16px;
    font-weight: bold;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 5px;
    cursor: pointer;
    background: linear-gradient(to top, #f32170, #ff6b08);
    color: white !important;
    /* Ensures the text is visible */
    transition: 0.3s ease-in-out;
    display: inline-block;
}

#media_text:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #ff6b08, #f32170);
    transform: scale(1.05);
}


/* Responsive design for events gallery */
@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .events_grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .events_grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
        gap: 15px;
    }

    .events_heading {
        font-size: 28px;
        margin-bottom: 30px;
    }

    /* Reset overlaps on smaller screens */
    .event_item:nth-child(3),
    .event_item:nth-child(7) {
        margin-top: 0;
        margin-left: 0;
    }
}

/* Professors Section */
.professors_section {
    padding: 80px 5%;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f5f7fa 0%, #c3cfe2 100%);
    margin-bottom: 50px;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.professors_section::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background-image: url('mandala.png');
    /* Add a subtle background pattern for Indian theme */
    background-size: cover;
    opacity: 0.05;
    z-index: 0;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.professors_heading {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 60px;
    font-family: 'Tiro Devanagari Sanskrit', serif;
    color: #333;
    font-size: 35px;
    position: relative;
}

.professors_container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 60px;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.professor_card {
    width: 320px;
    height: 450px;
    perspective: 1000px;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}

.card_content {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    transform-style: preserve-3d;
    transition: transform 0.8s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
    box-shadow: 0 15px 35px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    border-radius: 20px;
}

.professor_card:hover .card_content {
    transform: rotateY(180deg);
}

.card_front,
.card_back {
    position: absolute;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    backface-visibility: hidden;
    border-radius: 20px;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.card_front {
    background-color: white;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.card_back {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #6a11cb 0%, #2575fc 100%);
    color: white;
    transform: rotateY(180deg);
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 20px;
}

.professor_image {
    height: 65%;
    overflow: hidden;
    position: relative;
}

.professor_image::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 30%;
    background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), rgba(255, 255, 255, 0));
    z-index: 1;
}

.professor_image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: transform 0.5s ease;
}

.professor_card:hover .professor_image img {
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

.professor_info {
    padding: 25px;
    text-align: center;
    flex-grow: 1;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
}

.professor_info h3 {
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    color: #333;
    font-size: 20px;
}

.professor_title {
    color: #007bff;
    font-weight: bold;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.professor_specialty {
    color: #777;
    font-size: 14px;
}

.professor_details {
    text-align: center;
}

.professor_details h3 {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    font-size: 22px;
}

.professor_details p {
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    line-height: 1.5;
}

.know_more_btn {
    margin-top: 25px;
    padding: 10px 25px;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    border: 2px solid white;
    color: white;
    border-radius: 30px;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-weight: bold;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    z-index: 1;
}

.know_more_btn::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 0%;
    height: 100%;
    background: white;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    z-index: -1;
}

.know_more_btn:hover {
    color: #6a11cb;
}

.know_more_btn:hover::before {
    width: 100%;
}

/* Add floating animation to cards */
@keyframes float {
    0% {
        transform: translateY(0px);
    }

    50% {
        transform: translateY(-15px);
    }

    100% {
        transform: translateY(0px);
    }
}

.professor_card:nth-child(1) {
    animation: float 6s ease-in-out infinite;
}

.professor_card:nth-child(2) {
    animation: float 6s ease-in-out infinite 1s;
}

/* Pulse effect on hover */
@keyframes pulse {
    0% {
        box-shadow: 0 0 0 0 rgba(37, 117, 252, 0.4);
    }

    70% {
        box-shadow: 0 0 0 15px rgba(37, 117, 252, 0);
    }

    100% {
        box-shadow: 0 0 0 0 rgba(37, 117, 252, 0);
    }
}

.professor_card:hover {
    animation: pulse 1.5s infinite;
}

/* Responsive design for professors section */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .professors_container {
        gap: 40px;
    }

    .professor_card {
        width: 280px;
        height: 400px;
    }

    .professors_heading {
        font-size: 28px;
        margin-bottom: 40px;
    }

    .professor_info h3 {
        font-size: 18px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .professor_card {
        width: 260px;
        height: 380px;
    }

    .professors_heading {
        font-size: 24px;
        margin-bottom: 30px;
    }

    .professor_image {
        height: 60%;
    }

    .professor_info {
        padding: 15px;
    }
}

footer {
    background-color: #0f172a;
    color: #e2e8f0;
    padding: 4rem 2rem 2rem;
    position: relative;
}

.footer-container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 4rem;
}

/* Left column - Creator info */
.creators-showcase {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 2rem;
}

.creator-card {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    background-color: rgba(30, 41, 59, 0.5);
    border-radius: 12px;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.creator-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.creator-avatar {
    width: 80px;
    height: 80px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background-color: #334155;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #94a3b8;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.creator-info {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.creator-role {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
    color: #94a3b8;
}

.creator-name {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #fff;
}

.creator-bio {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #cbd5e1;
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.creator-links {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-top: 0.5rem;
}

.creator-link {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.25rem;
    color: #60a5fa;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.creator-link:hover {
    color: #93c5fd;
}

/* Right column - Site info */
.site-info {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 2rem;
}

.footer-logo {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #fff;
    display: inline-block;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.site-description {
    color: #cbd5e1;
    line-height: 1.6;
    max-width: 24rem;
}

.quick-links-container {
    margin-top: 1rem;
}

.section-title {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #fff;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    position: relative;
    display: inline-block;
}

.section-title::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -5px;
    left: 0;
    width: 40px;
    height: 2px;
    background-color: #3b82f6;
}

.quick-links {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 1rem 2rem;
    list-style: none;
}

.quick-link a {
    color: #cbd5e1;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
    display: inline-block;
    position: relative;
}

.quick-link a::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -2px;
    left: 0;
    width: 0;
    height: 1px;
    background-color: #60a5fa;
    transition: width 0.3s ease;
}

.quick-link a:hover {
    color: #fff;
}

.quick-link a:hover::after {
    width: 100%;
}

.social-container {
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.social-links {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-top: 0.5rem;
}

.social-link {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background-color: #1e293b;
    color: #cbd5e1;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.social-link:hover {
    background-color: #3b82f6;
    color: #fff;
    transform: translateY(-3px);
}

/* Footer bottom */
.footer-bottom {
    margin-top: 3rem;
    padding-top: 1.5rem;
    border-top: 1px solid #334155;
    text-align: center;
    color: #94a3b8;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
}

.footer-credits {
    margin-top: 0.5rem;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.footer-credits a {
    color: #cbd5e1;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.footer-credits a:hover {
    color: #60a5fa;
}

/* Design touch */
.footer-design-element {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 4px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #3b82f6 0%, #8b5cf6 50%, #ec4899 100%);
}

/* Responsive styles */
@media screen and (max-width: 768px) {
    .footer-container {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 3rem;
    }

    .creators-showcase {
        order: 2;
    }

    .site-info {
        order: 1;
    }
}

@media screen and (max-width: 480px) {
    .creator-card {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .creator-links {
        justify-content: center;
    }

    .quick-links {
        justify-content: center;
    }

    .section-title::after {
        left: 50%;
        transform: translateX(-50%);
    }

    .section-title,
    .site-description {
        text-align: center;
    }

    .social-links {
        justify-content: center;
    }
}

/* Responsive adjustments for topics section */
@media (max-width: 1200px) {
    .topic_card {
        min-width: 250px;
        max-width: 300px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .topic_container {
        justify-content: space-around;
    }

    .topic_card {
        flex: 0 0 calc(50% - 30px);
        max-width: 320px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .topic_container {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
    }

    .topic_card {
        width: 100%;
        max-width: 400px;
    }

    .topics_heading {
        font-size: 28px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .topic_card {
        padding: 20px 15px;
    }

    .topic_image_container {
        height: 150px;
    }

    .topics_heading {
        font-size: 24px;
        margin-bottom: 30px;
    }

    .topic_title {
        font-size: 16px;
    }

    .topic_description {
        font-size: 14px;
    }
}

/* Responsive Design */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .navbar {
        flex-direction: row;
        justify-content: space-between;
        text-align: center;
        padding: 15px 5%;
    }

    .nav-toggle {
        display: block;
        padding: 1em;
        background: transparent;
        border: 0;
        cursor: pointer;
        position: relative;
        z-index: 1000;
        outline: none;
    }

    .nav_elements {
        position: fixed;
        top: 0;
        right: 0;
        bottom: 0;
        left: 0;
        background-color: #f8f9fa;
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: column;
        justify-content: center;
        align-items: center;
        gap: 30px;
        z-index: 100;
        transform: translateX(100%);
        transition: transform 400ms cubic-bezier(0.51, 0.6, 0.54, 0.59);
    }

    .nav-open .nav_elements {
        transform: translateX(0);
    }

    .nav-open .hamburger {
        transform: rotate(0.625turn);
    }

    .nav-open .hamburger::before {
        transform: rotate(90deg) translateX(-6px);
    }

    .nav-open .hamburger::after {
        opacity: 0;
    }

    .row-container {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .historic1,
    .sanskrit_text {
        width: 100%;
    }

    #heading1 {
        font-size: 28px;
        line-height: normal;
        padding: 20px 0;
    }

    .shift-right {
        margin-left: 10%;
    }

    .swiper {
        height: 300px;
    }

    .swiper-slide.swiper-slide-active {
        transform: scale(1.1);
    }

    .yt_container {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .yt_text,
    .yt_embedded_video {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .topic_container {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
    }

    .topic_card {
        width: 100%;
        max-width: 100%;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .shift-right {
        margin-left: 5%;
    }

    .historic1 img {
        max-width: 95%;
    }

    #heading1 {
        font-size: 24px;
    }

    .swiper {
        height: 250px;
    }

    .swiper-slide.swiper-slide-active {
        transform: scale(1.05);
    }

    .topic_card {
        padding: 15px;
    }

    .topic_image_container {
        height: 150px;
    }

    .topics_heading {
        font-size: 24px;
        margin-bottom: 30px;
    }
}

.scroll-to-top {
    position: fixed;
    bottom: 30px;
    right: 30px;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background-color: var(--primary-color, #0C2461);
    color: white;
    border: none;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    cursor: pointer;
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(20px);
    transition: opacity 0.3s, transform 0.3s;
    z-index: 1000;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.scroll-to-top.visible {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

.scroll-to-top:hover {
    background-color: var(--secondary-color, #1e3799);
}

.scroll-to-top:focus {
    outline: none;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.3);
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .responsive-iframe-container {
        position: relative;
        width: 100%;
        height: 0;
        padding-bottom: 56.5%;
        /* 16:9 Aspect Ratio */
        overflow: hidden;
        border-radius: 8px;
        box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    }

    .responsive-iframe-container iframe {
        position: absolute;
        top: 0;
        left: 0;
        width: 100%;
        height: 100%;
        border: 0;
    }

}

/* Add responsive iframe container for YouTube videos */